Nanoparticles are particles sized between 1 to 100 nanometers with a broad range of shapes, structures, and compositions. They encompass a variety of types including metallic, ceramic, polymeric, and lipid-based nanoparticles.Their physical, chemical, and biological properties change as a function of their size, shape, and material, making them versatile for applications across medicine ...

Key Concepts in Nanoscience. Quantum Effects: At the nanoscale, quantum size effects become significant, leading to unique electrical, optical, and magnetic properties that are not observable in bulk materials.; Surface Area to Volume Ratio: Nanoscale materials have a much larger surface area relative to their volume, which can significantly …

Definition: Fullerene, commonly known as buckyball, is a form of carbon molecule that resembles a soccer ball, composed of carbon atoms linked in hexagonal and pentagonal shapes.This article explores the structure, properties, synthesis, applications, and challenges associated with fullerenes, particularly focusing on the spherical variety known as buckyballs.

Nanorods are elongated nanostructures with a diameter in the nanometer range and an aspect ratio (length-to-width ratio) greater than one. They are typically characterized by their unique optical, electrical, and magnetic properties that arise from their anisotropic shape and quantum confinement effects.

Graphene has emerged as one of the most promising nanomaterials because of its unique combination of exceptional properties: it is not only the thinnest but also one of the strongest materials; it conducts heat better than all other materials; it is an excellent conductor of electricity; it is optically transparent, yet so dense that it is impermeable to gases – …

Electrospinning: The most widely used method for producing nanofibers, electrospinning uses an electric field to draw charged threads of polymer solutions or melts into fine fibers. This method offers versatility in controlling fiber diameter, orientation, and composition. Forcespinning: A newer technique that utilizes centrifugal force to draw fibers from polymer melts or solutions, offering ...

Definition: Nanoscale refers to dimensions and tolerances in the range of 1 to 100 nanometers (nm). A nanometer is one-billionth of a meter, a scale so small that it encompasses the atomic and molecular levels. At this scale, materials exhibit unique physical, chemical, and biological properties that differ significantly from those seen in bulk materials.

Nanofiltration is a type of membrane filtration process that is used to separate molecules based on size. It is one of the four membrane technologies that utilize pressure to effect separation of contaminants from water streams but it is more selective in the types of molecules it can filter out.

One of the most fascinating aspects of nanotechnology is the incredibly small scale at which nanoengineering and nanofabrication take place. Consider this example: The first working transistor, built by Bell Labs John Bardeen, Walter Brattain, and William Shockley in 1947, measured roughly 1 centimeter across.

Semiconducting Nanowires: These include silicon, germanium, and compound semiconductors like gallium arsenide (GaAs) and indium phosphide (InP), which are extensively used in electronics and optoelectronics for their superior charge carrier mobility and direct bandgap properties. Metallic Nanowires: Made from metals such as gold, silver, and copper, metallic nanowires are valued for their ...