α–氨基酸，是羧酸分子中的 α碳原子 上的 氢原子 被氨基取代而生成的化合物。 一般为无色的 结晶固体，熔点比相应的羧酸或胺类都要高，一般在200 ℃ ~300 ℃，有些 氨基酸 在加热至熔点温度时便分解。 [1] 除了 甘氨酸 外，其他的α–氨基酸都有 旋光性。 氨基酸一般易溶于水， 难溶 于 有机溶剂。 某些氨基酸具有鲜味，如味精的主要成分就是 谷氨酸钠 盐，也有些氨基酸无味或有苦味。 [2] α–氨基酸的 立体结构 除 甘氨酸 外，α–氨基酸的α–碳原子上所连结的4个基团都不相同。 此 …

Amino acids can be classified according to the locations of the core structural functional groups (alpha- (α-), beta- (β-), gamma- (γ-) amino acids, etc.); other categories relate to polarity, ionization, and side-chain group type (aliphatic, acyclic, aromatic, polar, etc.).

胺基酸 [註 1] （英語： amino acid ）是生物學上重要的有機化合物，由胺基（-NH 2 ）和羧基（-COOH）兩個官能團與一個側鏈組成 [1] 。 胺基酸是構成 蛋白質 的基本單位，賦予蛋白質特定的分子結構形態，使其分子具有 生化活性 （biochemical activity）。

Amino Acid Structure. Amino acids are the monomers that make up proteins. Each amino acid has the same core structure, which consists of a central carbon atom, also known as the alpha (α) carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and a hydrogen atom.

2025年2月2日 · The term amino acid is short for α-amino [alpha-amino] carboxylic acid. Each molecule contains a central carbon (C) atom, called the α-carbon, to which both an amino and a carboxyl group are attached. The remaining two bonds of the α-carbon atom are generally satisfied by a hydrogen (H) atom and the R group. The formula of a general amino acid is:

Each amino acid has the same core structure, which consists of a central carbon atom, also known as the alpha (α) carbon, bonded to an amino group (NH2), a carboxyl group (COOH), and a hydrogen atom.

Every amino acid contains an amino group, (–NH 2), a carboxyl group, (–COOH), and a side chain or R group, which are all attached to the alpha (\(\alpha\)-) carbon (the one directly bonded to the carboxyl functional group). Therefore, amino acids are commonly called alpha-amino (\(\alpha\)-amino) acids.

2025年1月29日 · Alpha Amino Acid Structure. The major building blocks of proteins are called alpha (α) amino acids. As their name implies, they contain a carboxylic acid and an amine functional group. The alpha designation indicates that these two functional groups are separated by one carbon group.

The α-amino acids are so called because the α-carbon atom in the molecule carries an amino group (―NH 2); the α-carbon atom also carries a carboxyl group (―COOH). Chatbot answers are created from Britannica articles using AI. This is a beta feature. AI answers may contain errors. Please verify important information in Britannica articles.

All are α-amino acids, meaning that the amino group in each is a substituent on the α carbon—the one next to the carbonyl group. Nineteen of the twenty amino acids are primary amines, RNH 2, and differ only in the nature of their side chain —the substituent attached to the α carbon.