The basic calculation method relies on the measurement of oil temperature at the top of the transformer tank (top-oil temperature) and a calcultion of the temperature difference between the winding ...

Between the start of 2022 and the end of 2024, it gave $69bn (£54.6bn) in military aid, according to German think tank the Kiel Institute. Germany has given $13.6bn (£10.7bn), the UK $10.8bn (£ ...