The evaluation and ensemble analysis of Earth system models is crucial for model improvements and a prerequisite for reliable climate projections of the 21st century to be used as guide-lines for ...

The Earth's interior is composed of four layers, three solid and one liquid—not magma but molten metal, nearly as hot as the surface of the sun. The deepest layer is a solid iron ball ...

The Earth is made up of different layers: Therefore, instead of tectonic plates moving because of the convection currents, evidence suggests it is the plates that drive the convection. Slab pull ...

Researchers have discovered cratonic thinning occurring beneath North America, driven by the remnants of the Farallon Plate.

It is difficult to imagine the difference in size between the Sun and Earth, or the distance between them. This activity will help you to visualise it. If you create this model, the Earth and Sun ...

Researchers have discovered that the underside of the North American continent is dripping away in blobs of rock—and that the ...

Beneath the crust of North America, scientists have found that the deep roots of the continent are slowly dripping away in ...

Seismic mapping of North America has revealed that an ancient slab of crust buried beneath the Midwest is causing the crust ...

so scientists rely on seismic waves to understand and model its structure. Seismic waves are shock waves that propagate through Earth's layers after an earthquake or explosive event, traveling at ...

The losses in soil moisture already pose issues for farming, irrigation systems and critical water resources for humans. But ...