Combining cam-changing VVT and cam-phasing VVT may satisfy the requirement of both top-end power and flexibility throughout the whole rev range, though it is inevitably more complex. At the time of ...

Although Valvetronic is effective to reduce fuel consumption at part-load, it does not benefit top end power at all, because its additional components result in additional friction and inertia, thus ...

VR6: 1st generation (12-valve) 6 cylinder engines, no matter inline-6 or V6, are inherently smoother than 4-cylinder inline engines because all the first order and second order forces can be balanced.

Since the electric motor and battery are small, mild hybrid cars cannot rely on purely battery power for moving. The engine always needs to work in propulsion, although some fuel can be saved as the ...

Electric superchargers might be the ultimate solution to turbo lag, but they are not compatible with the 12V electrical system currently used on all cars. Volvo opted for another solution that it ...

Behind the accelerator, there is no conventional differential. The hypoid gear couples the drive from the accelerator to the ring gear of each planetary gear set. The ring gear transfers power through ...

Chain-drive CVTs are not very popular on the market, as only Audi and Subaru use them. Both of them employ the key technologies (chain, pulleys, hydraulic control and torque sensor) from German ...

Twin-scroll turbo The first time I heard about twin-scroll turbo was in 1989, when the updated Mazda RX-7 Mk2 introduced this feature. It was employed to seperate the exhaust gas from the Wankel ...

Tuned intake manifold First introduced by Mercedes 300SL in 1954, tuned intake manifold is not exactly a new technology. It is discussed here just because its principle is useful to our further study ...

To deal with second order vibration, a pair of balancer shafts is needed. They are driven by the crankshaft and rotate in directions opposite to each other, at twice the speed of the crankshaft.