Commentary This study from the Childhood Absence Epilepsy Study Group in the USA is the first blinded trial comparing the three most commonly used antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in Childhood Absence ...

Design : Randomised controlled trial. Allocation : Randomisation was done by university staff. Allocation was concealed using sealed envelopes that were sequentially numbered. Blinding : All patients, ...

Determining severity of illness and undertaking an adequate risk assessment is a fundamental part of acute paediatric practice. This review highlights physiology, communication, heuristics and ...

Figure 3 ECG showing characteristic appearance of ST segment in Brugada syndrome.

Figure 1 Accidental bruising patterns.Accidental bruising patterns.

Introduction Lymphadenopathy is a common finding in children. It is defined as a palpable lymph node of more than 1 cm in diameter, although some authors will accept as normal lymph nodes in the ...

Sleep-related issues are common reasons children present to health professionals. Many factors can adversely affect sleep quality, and there are many associations of inadequate sleep, including ...

Congenital toxoplasmosis occurs following transplacental transfer of Toxoplasma gondii . Irrespective of symptom status at birth, infants with congenital infection may develop serious long-term ...

Paediatric and adult resuscitation is often performed with family present. Current guidelines recommend deferred umbilical cord clamping as part of immediate neonatal care, requiring neonatal ...

Pleural infection (parapneumonic effusion and empyema) has an annual incidence of 3.3 per 100 000 children. The incidence of childhood empyema may be increasing in the UK. If so, it is not clear ...

We cycle regularly through different sleep stages, principally light sleep (non-rapid eye movement (REM) stages 1 and 2), deep sleep (non-REM stage 3) and REM (or dream) sleep (figure 1). Deep sleep ...

There are no outcomes-based commissioning structures in child health. This needs to change. Preschool wheeze is a very common condition. Many families present at emergency departments with their ...