Background Orbital cavernous venous malformations (OCVMs) are the most common primary orbital mass lesion and presenting symptoms are usually secondary to a mass effect. Surgical excision presents ...

Background/aims There is a paucity in the literature on the presentation, management and outcomes of cases where primary acquired melanosis (PAM) is associated with spill over/contiguous periocular ...

Purpose To quantitatively explore preretinal abnormal tissue (PAT) in macula-on rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) before and after surgery. Methods In this case-series study, PAT was detected by ...

Background/aims The antiseizure medication, vigabatrin, is associated with visual field loss (VAVFL). However, the fields can be challenging to interpret due to unfamiliarity with the characteristics ...

Purpose This study aimed to identify the various clinical characteristics and ocular imaging features of ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) in HIV patients. Methods Observational retrospective study of 52 eyes ...

Background: The prevalence of vision impairment, unilateral/bilateral blindness, and cataract surgery were estimated in a population based survey among the elderly in a suburban area of Hong Kong.

Aim To analyse the clinical and demographic profiles of patients with vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) and propose a grading for VKC based on corneal status and symptom periodicity rather than ...

Background Increased pigmentation has been associated with cancer stem-cell-like behaviour and chemoresistance in uveal melanoma (UM) and cutaneous melanoma. Therefore, our present study determines ...

Background/aims This work aims to clarify whether micropulse transscleral cyclophotocoagulation (MPCPC) is gentler in terms of postoperative inflammation and is better tolerated compared with ...

Purpose The current study evaluated the meibum and lid margin microbiome of eyelids with chalazion and compared it with contralateral uninvolved eyelids and healthy controls. Methods Chalazion ...

Aims Refractive lens exchange (RLE) is becoming a popular refractive solution for patients ineligible for corneal surgeries or phakic intraocular lenses. However, concerns regarding retinal detachment ...

1 National University of Singapore Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, Singapore Background/aims To identify the risk factors for neuropathic corneal pain (NCP) following corneal refractive surgery and ...