Individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM) can have hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) axis dysfunction and cognitive impairment. Bruehl et al. sought to determine whether HPA ...
A research team has unveiled an adrenal independent pathway, the hypothalamus-sympathetic-liver (HSL) axis, to mediate stress ... pituitary-adrenal (HPA) or sympathetic-adrenal-medullary (SAM ...