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To transport an ion against its concentration gradient requires energy, which in the biological membrane is supplied by metabolic or chemical reactions. By the Curie–Prigogine principle of non ...

School of Basic Medical Science, Xi’an Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microorganism and Tumor Immunity, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an 710021, China School of Biotechnology and Health Sciences, Wuyi ...

Chemotaxis is the directional movement of cells in response to a chemical stimulus gradient.

Striatal dopamine (DA) release regulates reward-related learning and behavioural activation and is believed to consist of a short-lived phasic and continuous tonic component. Here, we build a ...

However, their theoretical analysis necessitates access to unbiased estimates of the true gradients. To address this issue, we perform a comprehensive convergence rate analysis of stochastic gradient ...

On the other hand, the carbon oxidation state of DNA is negatively correlated with oxygen concentration in marine oxygen minimum zones. In this case, a thermodynamic model is not viable, but the low ...

Eighty years ago, on January 27, 1945, the Soviet army reached Auschwitz. How did its concentration and extermination camps become the epitome of the Holocaust, genocide, and inhumanity?

Background Although an increased concentration of degraded elastin products in patients with chronic obstructive ... on stable medication for 4 weeks and no exacerbation for 4 weeks or chest infection ...

2022), the formation pressure coefficient is 1.5–2.2, and the temperature gradient is 37–50°C/km. Parameters in the experiment were ... the strain gradually disperses from concentration, and the ...

Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital and Faculty of Medicine Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden, Dresden 01307, Germany ...

The ceremony - available to watch on Sky News from 2pm - will be held in front of the infamous gates of the former concentration camp which had the words Arbeit Macht Frei, "work sets you free ...