[4] The parasympathomimetics, which are the oldest antiglaucoma drugs, have a number of ocular side effects, such as miosis, ciliary spasm, stinging, burning, tearing, conjunctival thickening ...

More information: Lara M. Hoepfner et al, Unwrapping the Ciliary Coat: High‐Resolution Structure and Function of the Ciliary Glycocalyx, Advanced Science (2025). DOI: 10.1002/advs.202413355 ...

One commonly overlooked cause is bronchial spasm, also known as bronchospasm, which is a condition where the muscles lining the airways tighten, narrowing them and making breathing difficult.