[6] The mainstay of diagnosis is the identification malignant cells in urine specimens and direct visualization of the bladder mucosa with cystoscopy and resection of the tumor if identified.

If a concurrent bladder-neck suspension or pubovaginal sling ... after mucosal dissection has been performed. The vaginal mucosa is dissected free until a finger can be inserted retropubically ...

Catheter related problems due to an indwelling urinary catheter (IUC) have existed as long as urinary catheters have been utilized. This section will review IUC complications: infectious complications ...

Bladder cancer is a cancer that forms in tissues of the bladder. Most bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas (cancer that begins in cells that normally make up the inner lining of the ...

This important study explores the conserved role of IgM in both systemic and mucosal antiviral immunity in teleosts, challenging established views on the differential roles of IgT and IgM. The ...

Epithelial cells form a layer in which an apical surface is exposed to the external environment and to other forms of stress in ducts in specialized organs. As such, epithelial cells require ...

Gallbladder pain is often felt in the right upper belly, under the ribs. It can also spread (radiate) to the lower chest or your right shoulder blade and may be confused with a heart attack. The ...

In control samples of normal gastric antral mucosa prepared in an identical manner, mucous producing cells showed uniform granules without mixed phenotype (not shown). Our observations suggest that ...