Ram Air Intake Ram air intake is perhaps the simplest kind of forced induction. When the car is travelling at speed, air will be forced into the intake manifold through the ram air inlet which usually ...

Volkswagen VR and W-engines Born in 1991, Volkswagen's narrow-angle VR-engines are probably the most special engines in production (save Wankel engines, of course). Its concept was inspired by Lancia, ...

To deal with second order vibration, a pair of balancer shafts is needed. They are driven by the crankshaft and rotate in directions opposite to each other, at twice the speed of the crankshaft.

Intercooler The air supplied by turbocharger could be as hot as 120-150ºC. This is owing to two reasons: 1) Compression of air leads to increased temperature; 2) Heat from the hot exhaust gas conducts ...

Tuned intake manifold First introduced by Mercedes 300SL in 1954, tuned intake manifold is not exactly a new technology. It is discussed here just because its principle is useful to our further study ...

British car maker Rover introduced its own VVT system called VVC (Variable Valve Control) on MGF in 1995. Many experts regarded it as the best VVT system at the time. The VVC can continuously vary the ...

Combining cam-changing VVT and cam-phasing VVT may satisfy the requirement of both top-end power and flexibility throughout the whole rev range, though it is inevitably more complex. At the time of ...

60° V6 is smoother to the extent that, with adequate engine mounts, it could be made nearly as smooth as inline-6 engines without the need of balancer shaft. It is also narrower, thus easier to be ...

60° V6 is smoother to the extent that, with adequate engine mounts, it could be made nearly as smooth as inline-6 engines without the need of balancer shaft. It is also narrower, thus easier to be ...

Overview When I started watching cars in the mid-1980s, most cars on the road were still fed by carburettors, including the wildest supercars like Lamborghini Countach QV and Aston Martin Zagato.

Mitsubishi Galant VR-4J apanese cars of the late 1980s and 1990s were renowned for high technology. The most notable of them was Mitsubishi Galant VR-4. Introduced in 1987, this car packed the most ...

Ford Escort Twin-cam, RS1600, RS1800, RS2000W henever talk about fast and fun small cars, you might remember Golf GTI, Alfasud or Peugeot 205GTi. In fact, in prior to these front-drive hot hatches, ...