Penetration value test on bitumen is a measure of hardness or consistency of bituminous material. A 80/100 grade bitumen indicates that its penetration value lies between 80 & 100.

Concrete crack repairs are selected based on structural evaluation. Causes of concrete cracks should be first evaluated for successful crack repair selection.

Reading time: 1 minute The surveyor is the person who is supposed to make precise measurement that will identify the boundary. Surveyors help in providing unique contours on the surface of the earth ...

3. Waffle Slab (Grid slab) It is a type of reinforced concrete slab that contains square grids with deep sides. Waffle slab construction process includes fixing forms, placement of pods on shuttering, ...

There are different types of movable bridges used for the passage of vessels and ships underway. Advantages and disadvantage of these bridges are discussed.

Building material is any material used for construction purpose such as materials for house building. Wood, cement, aggregates, metals, bricks, concrete, clay are the most common type of building ...

Phases in life cycle of a construction project are initiation, planning, execution, performance and monitoring and closure phase of construction projects.

Quality tests on concrete are performed as a part of quality control of concrete structures. Different quality tests on concrete such as compressive strength tests, slump tests, permeability tests … ...

In this article we study about the types of construction joints, locating of joints, quality and advantages of use of construction joints in concrete Types of Construction Joint Construction joints ...

Different types of concrete are produced based on the constituent material, mix design, the method of construction, area of application, form of hydration reaction. Details of these various types of ...

Underpinning is a method for repair and strengthening of building foundations. Underpinning methods, procedures and their applications in strengthening of different types of foundations is discusse… ...

Reading time: 1 minute The basic components of the highway are the road width, cross slope, pavement, road margins, traffic separators, and curbs. These geometric elements are designed and influenced ...