Once the needle tip is close to the parietal pleura, remove the stylet and connect a 10-ml syringe to the distal part of the needle. Continue introducing the needle while gently aspirating.

The epidural catheter has markings starting 5 cm from the tip and continuing at 1-cm intervals, as well as special markings that denote 5, 10, 15, and 20 cm from the tip.

The syringe was fixed to this balloon at a right angle. This design ensured that while the catheter was being threaded through the blood vessels, the tip of the syringe would remain inside the ...

Visualization (by ultrasound or fluoroscopy) can facilitate CVC insertion and positioning of the tip. [ 15 , 18 30 ] In our experience, visualized insertion is time consuming and often unnecessary.