The valency of an element is linked to how many electrons an atom must gain or lose to achieve the same electronic structure as a noble gas i.e., have a full outer shell. For example an element in ...

Links of other chapters will be provided very soon. Gurmeet Kaur is an Education Industry Professional with 8 years of experience in teaching and creating digital content. She is a Science ...

Listen to the full series on BBC Sounds. Hans Geiger and Ernest Marsden tested the plum pudding model. They aimed beams of positively-charged particles at very thin gold foil. These particles ...

Glucose is made from carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms. The structure of wood is made of many cellulose molecules stacked together. Plastic and wood can have similar densities because they are made ...