The Antarctic Treaty was signed on December 1, 1959, but it did not come into effect until June 23, 1961, due to the ...

Not much in the public eye until Admiral Richard E. Byrd’s expeditions in the 1930s, Antarctica soon aroused that old flag-planting urge among several nations.

A first-ever all-Canadian expedition to Antarctica explores the climate changes and political challenges facing the remote continent.

The Antarctic Treaty, a symbol of peace for 65 years, faces threats from US interests in resource exploitation. The agreement has weathered an ice age of inertia — but can it survive the skunk ...

In the early 1980s, a smoldering conflict around guidelines for Antarctic mineral extraction got resolved by the 1991 “Protocol on Environmental Protection to the Antarctic Treaty,” which ...

Australia has significant national interests in Antarctica. Australia was one of the 12 founding countries of the Antarctic Treaty 1959, establishing the Antarctic Treaty System which has governed the ...

The Antarctic Treaty has stood as a landmark for international cooperation in scientific research and environmental stewardship. Since its signing in 1959, the Treaty has shielded Antarctica from ...

The Antarctic Treaty, signed in 1959 and entered into force in 1961, established Antarctica as a region dedicated to peaceful purposes, scientific cooperation, and environmental protection.

The wars in the Middle East and Ukraine have amplified mistrust among treaty members, making co-operation more awkward, says Claire Christian, the executive director of the Antarctic and Southern ...

The treaty bans mining in a way that cannot easily be amended before 2048. By that date some mineral extraction there may be desirable, were it to provide resources needed for the green transition.

For 65 years, an international treaty forged at the height of the Cold War has governed Antarctica. But with rising geopolitical tensions, consensus is increasingly hard to find."Up until just a few ...

For 65 years, an international treaty forged at the height of the Cold War has governed Antarctica. But with rising geopolitical tensions, consensus is increasingly hard to find.