About 4.5 billion years ago, gravity coaxed Earth to form from the gaseous ... of silicate rocks and metals—differentiated into four layers. At the planet's heart lies the inner core, a solid ...

The Earth has a layered structure made up of the core, the mantle and the crust. Different elements are present in different parts of the Earth’s structure. The crust is made from enormous ...

The Earth is made up of different layers: Therefore, instead of tectonic plates moving because of the convection currents, evidence suggests it is the plates that drive the convection. Slab pull ...

Scientists have always been curious about the atmosphere surrounding us, but in the past, they could not just hop on a spaceship to see what was up there. Instead, scientists hiked up high ...

Laid down over millions of years, these rock layers contain a permanent ... Some three billion years ago, the Earth's atmosphere was virtually devoid of oxygen. At about 2.4 billion years ago ...